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The Latest UN Commission of Inquiry on “Occupied Palestinian Territory” Is an Inquisition

 
Filed under: International Law

The Latest UN Commission of Inquiry on “Occupied Palestinian Territory” Is an Inquisition
Press Briefing on United Nations Independent International Commission of Inquiry on Occupied Palestinian Territory, June 14, 2022, in Switzerland. Navanethem Pillay (center), the chair of the commission of inquiry between Miloon Kothari (right) and Chris Sidoti (left), members of the Commission. (UN Photo/Jean Mark Ferré)

The UN has started a dangerous process that its creators hope will conclude with the end of the Jewish state. But events over the past two weeks indicate that arriving at that ignominious result will also ravage the bedrock rules upon which the system of international law and justice depends.

A year ago, the UN’s top human rights body created a “Commission of Inquiry” on Israel,1 and on June 7, 2022, the “inquiry” published its first report.2 On June 13 and 14, 2022, the three inquisitors presented their report to the Human Rights Council and a specially convened press conference for global media outlets.3

With falsely-accused Israel in the docket, the essential requirements of the rule of law – objectivity, impartiality, fairness, due process, and non-discrimination – were torched.

This paper is the third part of a series on the “inquiry.” The first presented the origins and nature of the “inquiry.”4 The second considered the “inquiry’s” initial report.5 Finally, this paper shines a spotlight on the procedure – the disturbing methodology of peddling modern antisemitism on the world stage.

On Objectivity and Impartiality

The three members of the “inquiry,” headed by former UN High Commissioner for Human Rights Navi Pillay,6 were appointed by the Council precisely because of their non-objectivity, partiality, and bias. Each of Pillay (South Africa), Miloon Kothari (India), and Chris Sidoti (Australia), was on record as having already declared Israel guilty of the crimes that they were tasked with investigating.7 Moreover, in her role as High Commissioner from 2008 to 2014, Pillay herself was intimately involved in producing a host of UN reports and statements8 that she turned around and cited as evidence for the “findings” of the “inquiry’s” report.9

When it came time for “inquiry” members to engage in an “interactive dialogue” with the representatives of states, national human rights institutions, and NGOs, Chris Sidoti’s compromised role was also on display. An Australian human rights attorney, Sidoti makes no bones about being “a close friend and ally of the [Palestinian Authority’s so-called] Independent Commission for Human Rights.”10 On June 14, 2022, Sidoti sat on the Council’s podium while the Council’s vice-president introduced the representative of that organization as speaking for the national human rights institution of the “State of Palestine.” The representative congratulated Sidoti and company and “confirmed” their findings.11

Taking her audience for fools or collaborators, Pillay told the world’s press, “We don’t come with any preconceived notions.”12

No Due Process, Only Lies from Pillay

Two of the three “inquiry” members (Pillay and Sidoti) are legally trained, making their flagrant denial of due process in Israel’s case even more disgraceful. The presentation of the report devolved into a series of readily demonstrable falsehoods.

Pillay told the Human Rights Council: “We made a general call for written submissions, and we received several thousand written submissions.”13

That was a lie. A group of NGOs, including mine, submitted millions of unique written submissions and names of Jewish victims of Arab violence and incitement to Jew-hatred.

The “inquiry’s” call for submissions advertised an email address and a “cloud” address;14 a mailing address was provided upon request. We logged all the submissions we sent: 78,771 by email, 2,665,313 by “OwnCloud” only, and 4,890,902 by courier (a total that included the prior electronic submissions).

Pillay told the Human Rights Council: “Shortly after our report was finalized, the Commission also received what appears to be one submission with over 2.5 million attachments.”15

That was false. There was not one submission. Each of our millions of submissions was unique and numbered. And they came from multiple NGOs.

And here’s another lie. We can prove that the Commission received over a million unique submissions before their report was finalized, flatly contradicting Pillay’s representation.

A draft report from the “inquiry” was circulated on April 19, 2022. By that date, we had already sent 1,065,267 unique submissions by email and OwnCloud.

The finalized report was dated May 9, 2022, and by that date, we had already sent 2,666,801 unique submissions by email and OwnCloud.

The report was published for the world to see on June 7, 2022, and by that date, we had sent 4,890,902 submissions by email, OwnCloud, and courier.

Pillay told the Council: “Since the finalization of this report, we have sadly received reports of continued violations of individual and collective rights, including excessive use of force, sometimes lethal, by Israeli security forces against Palestinians.”16

Actually, since the finalization of the report, the “inquiry” had received – and we logged and numbered – 28,312 reports of lethal force by Palestinians and other Arabs directed against Israelis. But for Pillay, these reports were not sad; they were not even counted.

Navanethem Pillay, chair of the United Nations Independent International Commission of Inquiry briefs reporters on the first report of the Commission on June 14, 2022.
Navanethem Pillay, chair of the United Nations Independent International Commission of Inquiry briefs reporters on the first report of the Commission on June 14, 2022. (UN Photo/Jean Mark Ferré)

Pillay told the Council: “Israel’s refusal to allow the Commission to visit Israel does make hearing from Israeli victims and witnesses more challenging.”17

That was a falsehood. Our submissions contained the specific names of 5,483,502 victims (some submissions containing multiple names):

  • 600,000 specific Jewish refugees and victims of Arab persecution in the Middle East and North African nations in the past 75 years;18
  • 4,220 civilian victims murdered in Arab campaigns to eradicate Israel;19
  • 24,092 Israeli forces who fell defending their country and its people from Arab Jew-hatred;20
  • 4,812,829 victims of antisemitism during the Holocaust and the role and legacy of Nazi collaborator and propagandist, “Palestine’s national leader,” “hero,” and role model – the Grand Mufti of Jerusalem Amin al-Husseini.21

Pillay told the Council: “The Commission has underlined…the need to hear from all concerned parties, all duty bearers, victims, and witnesses.”22

That was a lie. After May 4, 2022, the “inquiry’s” advertised OwnCloud service for submissions started rejecting our submissions as “unauthorized” (a “401” status code). We responded by mailing submissions instead.

Nor was that the first time our efforts to make submissions had encountered hurdles, all of which we fully documented. On February 5, 2022, the UN OwnCloud service went offline (“this site cannot be reached”). Subsequent messages from the cloud service preventing our submissions read “Internal Server Error.” Then, on March 22, 2022, the UN cloud service started responding to our attempted submissions with “out-of-storage-space” responses. And by May 4, 2022, we hit the “unauthorized” wall.

Pillay boasted at the “inquiry’s” press briefing, “We are listening to all stakeholders of whatever political point of view… We are welcoming submissions from anyone, everyone.”23 A verifiably false claim.

At the press conference, she abandoned the “several thousand submissions” claim in the report and in her comments before the Council. Instead, she was now saying, “We’ve actually received 2.5 million.” And then she immediately segued into denigrating those submissions by adding this description: “All of them would be pro-Israel.”24

Off in her count by two and a half million submissions, she continued: “It’s one website that has sent 2.5 million submissions.”25

That was also false.. The multiple websites of the various NGOs making submissions were clearly identified.

Then Pillay belittled them by referring to them as a simplistic list, telling the press: “It appears to be a record of all the Jews killed in the Holocaust, so it’s a long list of names.”26

Another lie. All submissions naming Holocaust victims also spoke to the relationship between the Nazis and Palestinians, from al-Husseini until today.

Furthermore,

  • by February 8, 2022, the “inquiry” had been sent 11,699 submissions from Palestinian Media Watch (PMW);27
  • by March 1, 2022, 11,132 submissions from AICE and its Jewish Virtual Library;28
  • by March 5, 2022, 12,642 submissions from MEMRI;29
  • by March 9, 2022, 2,872 submissions from the Meir Amit Intelligence and Terrorism Information Center;30 and
  • by March 10, 2022, 7,807 submissions from CAMERA.31

These submissions included solid documentary evidence, photos, videos, original documents, and detailed research and analysis of all of the Arab wars against the state of Israel; Palestinian terror attacks; Palestinian hate speech; incitement to violence; and irrefutable proof of Palestinian Arab efforts to erase Jewish history, promote genocide, and terminate the Jewish state. This was in addition to 1,017,200 specifically identified Jewish victims of antisemitism and the Palestinian connection sent by March 22, 2022.

At the end of March, there was no doubt about two more facts.

First, Pillay’s “inquiry” was still in the information-gathering stage. Pillay admitted at the press conference that she and her entourage traveled to Jordan on March 31, 2022, to conduct four days of meetings.32

Second, the “inquiry” used that information to come to its own conclusions. “Inquiry” member Miloon Kothari informed the press, “The report is not only based on what has preceded us.”33

Pillay Admitted to Ignoring “Pro-Israel” Submissions

Then came the most shocking admission, blowing Pillay’s cover wide open. Referring to the newly hatched claim, “We’ve actually received 2.5 million,” she announced to the world’s press: “But I’ve not seen them personally.”34

The scandalous moment was caught on camera. The chair of this UN “inquiry” admitted to never having looked at any of our submissions! Any of what she labeled, she perceived to be “pro-Israel” submissions.

Ignoring all the evidence to the contrary, she had no trouble answering the central question of this “inquiry” by declaring that the Arab-Israeli conflict was Israel’s fault. She told the press, “The root cause is clearly the occupation.”35 Israeli “discrimination” was the other “core underlying root cause of ongoing violence.”36

The mountain of falsehoods about the process, therefore, had real consequences. The inquisitors were mandated to look for root causes and the victims of systematic discrimination based on race and religion. But we now know the search will proceed only so long as the root cause is not Arab hatred of Jews, the masses of victims of such hate are not dead Jews, and the refugees are not Jewish.

On Discrimination and Pillay’s UN Mandate

“Inquiry” members repeatedly contradicted themselves over other basics. On June 13, 2022, the first day of the dialogue, 22 states registered their objection to the “inquiry,” calling it “disproportionate” scrutiny of Israel – including the United States, the United Kingdom, Canada, Germany, and the Netherlands.37 Pillay bristled. She claimed their job description was not exceptional, so there was no cause for complaint.

And then she told the press conference: “We have this very wide mandate to address the root causes…which is usually not the portfolio of human rights. So we are very interested in the part of the mandate that requires us to identify individuals who are responsible and to work with judicial institutions for possible prosecutions and to secure justice. So all this is new..”38

She also said: “We want everyone to take this commission seriously because it’s the first time it can look into political questions, which you can’t do under the Human Rights Council’s regular mandates.”39

Sidoti likewise added, “In fact, the way in which accountability is framed in the mandate, it is different from other commissions of inquiry.”40

If it looks like discrimination, sounds like discrimination, and quacks like discrimination, then it probably is discrimination.

On Transparency and the Secret “Star Chamber” Proceedings

The inquisitors have done their best to conceal their conduct. As Pillay herself told the Council: “Individual acknowledgments of receipt of information and submissions will not be provided… The Commission has not made public who it has spoken to.”41

All that is known by the public and the states bankrolling this enterprise is that these three intensely anti-Israel activists are conducting secret meetings with highly select NGOs and criminal prosecutors – while feigning difficulty gathering or reading information from “pro-Israel” sources.

Pillay informed the press that the week of June 20, 2022, the “inquiry” was “going to be holding a roundtable of experts,”42 a hybrid affair both in Geneva and online. So, in theory, an online meeting could have been open. But instead, the identity of the invitees is a secret.

Pillay added, “Twenty representatives of organizations”43 came to meet the “inquiry” in Jordan. Who they were, she wouldn’t say.

Pillay insisted, “We are consulting a whole lot of experts on the occupation.”44 Unnamed experts. Given the designated topic, not the “pro-Israel” kind.

At the same press conference, Kothari said, “We have done a series of secure online interviews with civil society leaders, academics, and others.”45 What leaders, which academics, and the “others” are all unidentified in the report, or to the Council, or the press.

Sidoti provided the punchline: “We are already in touch with the Office of the Prosecutor of the International Criminal Court [ICC], and later this week, we’ll be having a further meeting with the Office.”46

In short, this “inquiry” is a quintessential Star Chamber. Covert meetings. Confidential accusers. Clandestine interviews. Classified. Restricted. Top secret. Until Israeli Jews, or supporters of the Jewish people’s right to self-determination and self-defense, hear from international or national state47 prosecutors.

Conclusion

This sham UN “inquiry” process is as rotten as the substance it fabricates. The inquisitors have been caught red-handed. They do not satisfy the criteria to hold the positions of independent, objective, unbiased experts. And they are carrying that bias with them into every facet of the operation: what submissions they take, whom they meet, what they read, what they report, whom they lobby, what they collect, and what they share.

We know with certainty that Pillay lied about what she knew and when she knew it.

If one is still pondering just how dangerous this venture might be, listen to the outrageous words of Chris Sidoti to the Human Rights Council at the end of the presentation of the report, after some speakers objected to the “inquiry” and the Council’s treatment of the Jewish state. Sidoti said, “Accusations of antisemitism are thrown around like rice at a wedding.”48

A retort intended to mask the very real antisemitism inextricably bound up with this “inquiry,” which is destined to cause serious harm to genuine victims of violence and discrimination unless it is stopped.

* * *

Notes

1 “Ensuring respect for international human rights law and international humanitarian law in the Occupied Palestinian Territory, including East Jerusalem, and in Israel,” UN Human Rights Council Resolution S-30/1, adopted May 27, 2021, by a vote of 24 in favor, 9 against (Austria, Bulgaria, Cameroon, Czech Republic, Germany, Malawi, Marshall Islands, United Kingdom, Uruguay), and 14 abstentions. Not a single Western democracy voted in favor of the resolution. Of the 24 states voting in favor of the resolution, 22 are not even considered to be “fully free” democracies on the Freedom House scale. https://undocs.org/A/HRC/RES/S-30/1

2 “Report of the Independent International Commission of Inquiry on the occupied Palestinian Territory, including East Jerusalem, and Israel,” A/HRC/50/21, dated May 9, 2022, but actually published June 7, 2022, https://undocs.org/en/A/HRC/50/21

3 “Commission of Inquiry on the Occupied Palestinian Territory – Press Conference: Presentation of HRC report,” June 14, 2022, UN Webcast, https://media.un.org/en/asset/k1u/k1ukz5cf2s

4 Anne Bayefsky, “The Newest Anti-Israel UN Action Must Be Challenged – Now,” Jerusalem Center for Public Affairs, December 20, 2022, https://jcpa.org/article/the-newest-anti-israel-un-action-must-be-challenged-now

5 Anne Bayefsky, “The U.N. Commission of Inquiry: An Exercise in Historical Revisionism,” Jerusalem Center for Public Affairs, June 8, 2022, https://jcpa.org/article/the-un-commission-of-inquiry-an-exercise-in-historical-revisionism

6 The three members of the “inquiry” are Navi Pillay (South Africa), Chris Sidoti (Australia), and Miloon Kothari (India).

7 For a more detailed account of their bias see: Anne Bayefsky, “The Newest Anti-Israel UN Action Must Be Challenged – Now,” Jerusalem Center for Public Affairs, December 20, 2022, https://jcpa.org/article/the-newest-anti-israel-un-action-must-be-challenged-now Inquiry member Kothari, for instance, in his role as a previous UN human rights mandate-holder had issued a report and press release on Israeli “ethnic cleansing,” and “implantation of settlers prior to and since its establishment as a State.” Report of the Special Rapporteur on adequate housing as a component of the right to an adequate standard of living, Mr. Miloon Kothari Addendum Visit to the occupied Palestinian territories* (5-10 January 2002), E/CN.4/2003/5/Add.1, June 12, 2002, paras. 6, 9, 10, fn. 4, https://undocs.org/E/CN.4/2003/5/Add.1

8 Anne Bayefsky, “The Newest Anti-Israel UN Action Must Be Challenged – Now,” Jerusalem Center for Public Affairs, December 20, 2022, endnotes 47-50, https://jcpa.org/article/the-newest-anti-israel-un-action-must-be-challenged-now

9 For instance, Pillay’s first COI report makes repeated references to the “Report of the United Nations Fact-Finding Mission on the Gaza Conflict” (known as the “Goldstone Report”), A/HRC/12/48, September 25, 2009, see paras. 38, 39, 42, 47, 55, 62.

10 Chris Sidoti, “The Importance of a National Human Rights Institution for Palestine,” November 14, 2018, Independent Commission for Human Rights, https://www.ichr.ps/en/media-center/1366.html

11 Unofficial Transcript: “Vice-President UN Human Rights Council: We shall now turn to a list of speakers for national human rights institutions and nongovernmental organizations. The first speaker on my list is State of Palestine Independent Commission for Human Rights. Please, you have the floor.” “ID (cont’d): Commission of Inquiry on OPT – 3rd Meeting, 50th Regular Session of Human Rights Council,” UN Webcast, June 14, 2022, https://media.un.org/en/asset/k1q/k1qtlzmbs2

12 “Commission of Inquiry on the Occupied Palestinian Territory – Press Conference: Presentation of HRC report,” June 14, 2022, UN Webcast, https://media.un.org/en/asset/k1u/k1ukz5cf2s

13 “ID (cont’d): Commission of Inquiry on OPT – 3rd Meeting, 50th Regular Session of Human Rights Council,” UN Webcast, June 14, 2022, https://media.un.org/en/asset/k1q/k1qtlzmbs2

14 See: “The United Nations Independent International Commission of Inquiry on the Occupied Palestinian Territory, including East Jerusalem, and in Israel,” https://www.ohchr.org/en/hr-bodies/hrc/co-israel/index; email address: [email protected]; cloud link: https://owncloud.unog.ch/s/eYqkCWdqgMUqFTs; mailing address: United Nations Independent International Commission of Inquiry on the Occupied Palestinian Territory, including East Jerusalem, and in Israel, United Nations Office at Geneva, Palais des Nations, 1211 Geneva 10, Switzerland.

15 “ID (cont’d): Commission of Inquiry on OPT – 3rd Meeting, 50th Regular Session of Human Rights Council,” UN Webcast, June 14, 2022, https://media.un.org/en/asset/k1q/k1qtlzmbs2

16 “The United Nations Independent International Commission of Inquiry on the Occupied Palestinian Territory, including East Jerusalem, and in Israel, Chair Navi Pillay, Remarks to the Human Rights Council, Geneva,” June 13, 2022, Item 2: Presentation of COI OPTEJI report,” https://hrcmeetings.ohchr.org/HRCSessions/HRCDocuments/59/OTH/OTH_2598_83_c5a51530_427c_40a0_aee5_93bd89b81481.docx

17 “ID (cont’d): Commission of Inquiry on OPT – 3rd Meeting, 50th Regular Session of Human Rights Council,” UN Webcast, June 14, 2022, https://media.un.org/en/asset/k1q/k1qtlzmbs2

18 See for submissions and accompanying text: https://hrvoices.org/assets/attachments/documents/Jews_from_Arab._Muslim_Lands_Submissions_to_date.docx; see original immigration lists: https://hrvoices.org/pillays-pogrom/touro-college-institute-on-human-rights-and-the-holocaust-submissions

19 See for civilian victims of Arab violence: https://laad.btl.gov.il/Web/He/TerrorVictims/Default.aspx?page=0

20 See for fallen defense and security forces of Israel: https://www.izkor.gov.il/%D7%90%D7%94%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%9F%20%D7%94%D7%A8%D7%A9%D7%9C%D7%A8/en_399451c07d6af2edbb259e94a77362b2

21 See for submissions and accompanying text: https://hrvoices.org/assets/attachments/documents/Holocaust_Victims_of_Hate_Monger_Al-Husseini.docx; see original names (examples): https://hrvoices.org/pillays-pogrom/touro-college-institute-on-human-rights-and-the-holocaust-submissions

22 “ID (cont’d): Commission of Inquiry on OPT – 3rd Meeting, 50th Regular Session of Human Rights Council,” UN Webcast, June 14, 2022, https://media.un.org/en/asset/k1q/k1qtlzmbs2

23 “Commission of Inquiry on the Occupied Palestinian Territory – Press Conference: Presentation of HRC report,” June 14, 2022, UN Webcast, https://media.un.org/en/asset/k1u/k1ukz5cf2s

24 “Commission of Inquiry on the Occupied Palestinian Territory – Press Conference: Presentation of HRC report,” June 14, 2022, UN Webcast, https://media.un.org/en/asset/k1u/k1ukz5cf2s

25 “Commission of Inquiry on the Occupied Palestinian Territory – Press Conference: Presentation of HRC report,” June 14, 2022, UN Webcast, https://media.un.org/en/asset/k1u/k1ukz5cf2s

26 “Commission of Inquiry on the Occupied Palestinian Territory – Press Conference: Presentation of HRC report,” June 14, 2022, UN Webcast, https://media.un.org/en/asset/k1u/k1ukz5cf2s

27 See: https://hrvoices.org/pillays-pogrom/palestinian-media-watch-submissions and https://palwatch.org

28 See: https://hrvoices.org/pillays-pogrom/the-american-israeli-cooperative-enterprise-submissions and https://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org

29 See: https://hrvoices.org/pillays-pogrom/the-middle-east-media-research-institute-memri and https://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org

30 See: https://hrvoices.org/pillays-pogrom/the-meir-amit-intelligence-and-terrorism-information-center-itic-submissions and https://www.terrorism-info.org.il/en

31 See: https://hrvoices.org/pillays-pogrom/submissions-by-committee-for-accuracy-in-middle-east-reporting-analysis and https://www.terrorism-info.org.il/en

32 “Commission of Inquiry on the Occupied Palestinian Territory – Press Conference: Presentation of HRC report,” June 14, 2022, UN Webcast, https://media.un.org/en/asset/k1u/k1ukz5cf2s

33 “Commission of Inquiry on the Occupied Palestinian Territory – Press Conference: Presentation of HRC report,” June 14, 2022, UN Webcast, https://media.un.org/en/asset/k1u/k1ukz5cf2s. No doubt it was hard to keep all the fabrications straight. Pillay told the Council – contradicting Kothari – that she and her colleagues were merely conducting a “review of past findings” and in the future they “plan to conduct our own investigations and legal analysis and reach independent findings in relation to alleged violations and abuses.”

34 Commission of Inquiry on the Occupied Palestinian Territory – Press Conference: Presentation of HRC report,” June 14, 2022, UN Webcast, https://media.un.org/en/asset/k1u/k1ukz5cf2s

35 “Commission of Inquiry on the Occupied Palestinian Territory – Press Conference: Presentation of HRC report,” June 14, 2022, UN Webcast, https://media.un.org/en/asset/k1u/k1ukz5cf2s

36 “The United Nations Independent International Commission of Inquiry on the Occupied Palestinian Territory, including East Jerusalem, and in Israel, Chair Navi Pillay, Remarks to the Human Rights Council, Geneva,” June 13, 2022, Item 2: Presentation of COI OPTEJI report,” https://hrcmeetings.ohchr.org/HRCSessions/HRCDocuments/59/OTH/OTH_2598_83_c5a51530_427c_40a0_aee5_93bd89b81481.docx

37 Joint Statement Delivered by U.S. Ambassador Michèle Taylor at the Interactive Dialogue with the Commission of Inquiry on the Occupied Palestinian Territory, including East Jerusalem and in Israel, Human Rights Council – 50th Session, U.S. Mission to the U.N. in Geneva, June 13, 2022, https://geneva.usmission.gov/2022/06/13/id-with-the-coi-on-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-hrc50/

38 “Commission of Inquiry on the Occupied Palestinian Territory – Press Conference: Presentation of HRC report,” June 14, 2022, UN Webcast, https://media.un.org/en/asset/k1u/k1ukz5cf2s

39 “Commission of Inquiry on the Occupied Palestinian Territory – Press Conference: Presentation of HRC report,” June 14, 2022, UN Webcast, https://media.un.org/en/asset/k1u/k1ukz5cf2s

40 “Commission of Inquiry on the Occupied Palestinian Territory – Press Conference: Presentation of HRC report,” June 14, 2022, UN Webcast, https://media.un.org/en/asset/k1u/k1ukz5cf2s

41 “ID (cont’d): Commission of Inquiry on OPT – 3rd Meeting, 50th Regular Session of Human Rights Council,” UN Webcast, June 14, 2022, https://media.un.org/en/asset/k1q/k1qtlzmbs2

42 “Commission of Inquiry on the Occupied Palestinian Territory – Press Conference: Presentation of HRC report,” June 14, 2022, UN Webcast, https://media.un.org/en/asset/k1u/k1ukz5cf2s

43 “Commission of Inquiry on the Occupied Palestinian Territory – Press Conference: Presentation of HRC report,” June 14, 2022, UN Webcast, https://media.un.org/en/asset/k1u/k1ukz5cf2s

44 “Commission of Inquiry on the Occupied Palestinian Territory – Press Conference: Presentation of HRC report,” June 14, 2022, UN Webcast, https://media.un.org/en/asset/k1u/k1ukz5cf2s

45 “Commission of Inquiry on the Occupied Palestinian Territory – Press Conference: Presentation of HRC report,” June 14, 2022, UN Webcast, https://media.un.org/en/asset/k1u/k1ukz5cf2s

46 “Commission of Inquiry on the Occupied Palestinian Territory – Press Conference: Presentation of HRC report,” June 14, 2022, UN Webcast, https://media.un.org/en/asset/k1u/k1ukz5cf2s

47 Sidoti referred to “national courts” and said specifically: “We hope to be similarly involved with other courts that are interested in accountability so far as Israel and Palestine are concerned.” “Commission of Inquiry on the Occupied Palestinian Territory – Press Conference: Presentation of HRC report,” June 14, 2022, UN Webcast, https://media.un.org/en/asset/k1u/k1ukz5cf2s

48 “ID (cont’d): Commission of Inquiry on OPT – 3rd Meeting, 50th Regular Session of Human Rights Council,” UN Webcast, June 14, 2022, https://media.un.org/en/asset/k1q/k1qtlzmbs2